Fundamental Of Hurticulture

The term Horticulture is derived form the Latin words: "hortus" meaning garden and "culture" meaning cultivation. At present the horticulture, defined as the science and technique of production may processing and merchandizing of fruits, vegetables Howers, spices, plantations, medicinal and aromatic plants.

Definition - Horticulture 18 a science techique and art. It is a branch of agriculture, deals with the cultivation processing and marketing of fruits, vegetable and ornamental plants, medicind axomatic plants and spices. It includes their nurseries also.

The following are the branches of horticulture.

(1) Pomology: refers to cultivation of fruit crope.

(2) Olericulture : refers to cultivation of vegetables.

(3) Floriculture: refers to cultivation of flower crops.

(4) Plantation crops: refers to cultivation of crops like coconut arecanut. rubber etc. coffee, tea

(5) Spices crop : refers to cultivation of crops like. cardamom, pepper nutmeg etc

(6) Medicinal and aromatic crops: Deals with cultivation of medicinal and aromatic com 

(7) Post Rarvest technology: Deals with post harvest handling, grading packaging Storage processing, value addition, marketing etc of horticulture crops.

India is the second largest product fruits and vegetable after chine and followed by brazil. India accounts for 12 %% of total word production of fruits and leads the world in production of ad mango, banana, citrus, cashew grapes.

Major fruit growing states are -

grapes. Maharshtra, A.P., Tamilnadu, karnataka, Gujrat. UP. Jik Major vegetable growing states are W. bengal, U.P. M.P. Bifch. Odisha. Importance of hosticulture Importance. 1- Nutritional value - Fruits and vegetable are very rich in vitamins and minera so they are known as" "Protective food" ./CMR recommended 120g fruits and 280g of vegetable per day per capita.

Vitamin A

Mango -vit A-4000 IU / 100g

Papaya -vit A- 2.080 10 /100g

fenugreek leaves Carrot 200 10 / 100g

6450 IU / 100g

Vitamin B1

CASHEWNUT 630 mg / 100g

Walout 450 mg/log

Apricot 217 mg / 100g D vit B2

1.19 mg fenugreek leaves 31 mg / 100g fenugreek leave

(v) Vit C-

Baxhedos cherry -1000 -4.000 mg / 100g

600 mg / 100g

Protein

Cashews 21.20%

Almond 20% Wahut 15.60%.

vi) fat

Walnut Almond 60 50% Carbohydrate

Apricht -27.21%. Dote plm 67 Boy.

Kaxonda 67107

2. food Value Banang potato. Sweet potato, are very rich in Carbohydrate, alm and coshow walnot axe having rich calorific value fruite ored vegetable eget enhance the nutritive value of our food with carbohydrates essentiel minerals, vitamins and fibres.

(3) Industrial development plantation crop like tea Coffee, coconut. rubber are always used after processing these plants have good marketing value.